What is a written, dated, and signed draft that directs a bank to pay a specific sum of money?

The correct answer is a check. A check is a financial instrument that contains a written, dated, and signed order from an account holder (the drawer) directing their bank (the drawee) to pay a specific amount of money to the designated payee. This payment is typically made from a checking account, and the bank processes the payment once the check is presented for cashing or depositing.

Checks serve as a secure and convenient way to transfer funds without the need for physical cash. They include specific details such as the amount to be paid, the name of the recipient, and the date, ensuring clarity and legal validity.

The other options do not pertain to a written directive for a bank payment. A consumer generally refers to an individual purchasing goods or services, collateral is an asset pledged as security for a loan, and comprehensive insurance is a type of insurance providing coverage against various risks. Therefore, these terms do not relate to the functions or characteristics of a check.